Nehemiah 8:1-3
And all the people gathered themselves together as one man into the street that was before the water gate; and they spake unto Ezra the scribe to bring the book of the law of Moses, which the LORD had commanded to Israel. And Ezra the priest brought the law before the congregation both of men and women, and all that could hear with understanding, upon the first day of the seventh month. And he read therein before the street that was before the water gate from the morning until midday, before the men and the women, and those that could understand; and the ears of all the people were attentive unto the book of the law.
Deuteronomy 31:11-12
When all Israel is come to appear before the LORD thy God in the place which he shall choose, thou shalt read this law before all Israel in their hearing. Gather the people together, men, and women, and children, and thy stranger that is within thy gates, that they may hear, and that they may learn, and fear the LORD your God, and observe to do all the words of this law:
Ezra's public Torah reading before the water gate is the statutory execution of the Deuteronomy 31 public assembly-reading ordinance. Every element matches: the gathering of all the people — men, women, and those who could understand — in the place the LORD had chosen; the reading of the Torah in the people's hearing; and the dual purpose of hearing and learning the law. The assembly 'as one man' with attentive ears constitutes the covenant people's constitutional hearing of their founding document, restoring the Deuteronomic public-reading framework after generations of neglect.
Nehemiah 8:14-17
And they found written in the law which the LORD had commanded by Moses, that the children of Israel should dwell in booths in the feast of the seventh month: And that they should publish and proclaim in all their cities, and in Jerusalem, saying, Go forth unto the mount, and fetch olive branches, and pine branches, and myrtle branches, and palm branches, and branches of thick trees, to make booths, as it is written. So the people went forth, and brought them, and made themselves booths, every one upon the roof of his house, and in their courts... And there was very great gladness.
Leviticus 23:40-43
And ye shall take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and ye shall rejoice before the LORD your God seven days... That your generations may know that I made the children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.
The discovery of the Feast of Tabernacles booth-dwelling statute during the public reading triggers its immediate execution. The text notes that since Joshua's day there had been no such observance — the Leviticus 23 booth-dwelling statute had been lost to the community's memory. The celebration's immediacy demonstrates the Deuteronomic principle in action: hearing and learning the law leads directly to observing and doing it. The people's very great gladness is the covenant joy that Leviticus 23 prescribed as the proper disposition for the feast.